Law of Bills and Notes Index

📑 Alphabetical Index of Key Topics – Bills and Notes Classes (1–23)

A • Acceleration – Classes 7, 8, 15, 16 • Accommodation Parties / Endorsers – Class 16 • Actions (Litigation on Instruments) – Classes 15–21 • Amendments to Pleadings – Classes 18, 19 • Attorney’s Fees & Costs – Classes 20, 21

B • Bearer Paper – Class 11 • Bills of Exchange – Classes 14, 21 • Breach of Peace (Repossession) – Class 8 • Burden of Proof / Presumptions – Class 18

C • Charge-Offs – Class 15 • Checks (Drafts, Bills of Exchange) – Classes 7, 14, 21 • Collateral Recourse – Class 16 • Complaint Construction – Class 17 • Confession and Avoidance (Replication/Reply) – Classes 18, 19 • Contract Principles Applied to Notes – Classes 6, 15, 21

D • Default Judgments – Class 21 • Demand Notes – Classes 16, 21 • Dishonor / Notice of Dishonor – Classes 14, 15 • Discharge of Liability – Classes 14, 15

E • Endorsements (Blank & Special) – Classes 11, 14 • Equity Remedies – Classes 20, 21 • Evidence (Variance Doctrine) – Class 17 • Extensions / Renewals – Class 9

F • Fiduciary Duty & Breach – Class 13 • Forbearance Agreements – Class 9 • Forgery / Fraudulent Instruments – Classes 9, 23 • Fraud Exception (Letters of Credit) – Class 23

G • Good Faith Requirement – Class 12 (Holder in Due Course) • Guarantors / Accommodation Parties – Class 16

H • Holder in Due Course (HIDC) – Classes 12, 13 • Honor & Dishonor (LOCs) – Class 23

I • Impossibility Doctrine – Class 23 • Index Notes (Future Value / Balloon Payments) – Class 9 • Intent (Objective vs. Subjective) – Classes 6, 13 • Issuer Obligations (Letters of Credit) – Class 23

J • Joint vs. Alternative Payees – Class 7 • Jurisdiction (Disputes & Settlement) – Class 19

L • Law vs. Fact Questions – Class 21 • Letters of Credit (UCC Article 5) – Classes 22, 23 • Liquidated Damages – Class 21 • Lost Instruments (Surrender Requirement) – Class 16

M • Maturity of Notes – Classes 6, 7 • Modification of Obligations – Class 9 • Mortgage Forbearance (COVID Example) – Class 9

N • Negotiability – Classes 6, 11, 21 • Notice of Dishonor – Class 14

O • Obligations of Drawers/Endorsers – Classes 14, 15, 16

P • Parol Evidence & Interpretation – Classes 6, 13 • Payees (Identification) – Class 7 • Payment vs. Settlement – Class 15 • Pleading Rules (“Raise it or Waive it”) – Class 17 • Post-Dated Checks – Class 13 • Presentment – Classes 14, 15

R • Ratification of Notes – Class 21 • Recourse to Collateral – Class 16 • Renewals & Extensions – Class 9 • Repossession Rights – Class 8 • Replication/Replies – Classes 18, 19 • Reimbursement Rights (LOCs) – Class 23

S • Settlement vs. Payment – Class 15 • Standing to Enforce – Classes 15–17 • Statutory vs. Equitable Remedies – Classes 15, 20, 21 • Subrogation (LOCs) – Class 23 • Successor Rights – Class 12

T • Tender of Payment – Class 15 • Trial Rules (Variance, Directed Verdicts) – Classes 17, 21

V • Variance Between Pleadings & Evidence – Class 17

W • Waiver & Estoppel – Class 7 • Warranties (Beneficiaries in LOCs) – Class 23 • Watermark Example (Bills, Notes, Checks) – Class 6